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论文编号：	11837
作者编号：	1120160815
上传时间：	2020/6/22 16:10:33
中文题目：	中国跨国企业知识搜索与干中学机制构建及其对国际市场适应性的影响研究
英文题目：	Research on the Construction of Knowledge Search and Learning-by-doing Mechanism of Chinese Multinational Enterprises and Its Influence on the Adaptability of International Market
指导老师：	许晖
中文关键字：	知识搜索；干中学；国际市场适应性；资源约束；制度复杂性
英文关键字：	knowledge search; learning by doing; international market adaptability; resource constraints; institutional complexity
中文摘要：	伴随着全球经济和政治格局的深刻变化，国际社会正处在变革和发展的关键时期。一方面，逆全球化现象、逐渐抬头的单边主义和保护主义冲击了国际秩序和多边贸易体制，世界经济整体增速放缓，新冠病毒、澳洲大火、东非蝗灾、国际股市动荡等突变事件频发，国际市场运营环境的易变性、不确定性、复杂性和模糊性（VUCA）特征日益显著；另一方面，新一轮科技和产业革命方兴未艾，人工智能、机器人技术、虚拟现实以及量子科技等蓬勃发展、数字经济与工业经济交汇更迭，国际分工体系加速演变，全球价值链深度重塑，世界处于百年未有之大变局。随着中国跨国企业国际化进程从“走出去”、“走进去”阶段逐渐向“走上去”阶段跃迁，其所面临的国际市场运营环境更为复杂、投资区位空间分离程度更大且目标客户消费习惯也更为多元。因此，面对国际市场不确定性、技术变革动态性以及制度环境复杂性的挑战，中国跨国企业如何获取和整合知识以作用于其在国际市场的适应性，成为其在国际市场实现由“跟跑”向“并跑”、“领跑”转变的关键。 现有文献识别了跨国企业国际市场适应性的实现路径与驱动因素，并探讨了知识搜索与整合对于跨国企业国际化绩效的影响，为理解跨国企业国际市场扩张提供了有益的理论洞见。然而，国际商务的传统理论都是建立在对欧美等发达市场跨国企业观察基础之上得以提炼。由于所处的制度环境、自身的资源禀赋以及国际化成长路径的极大差异性，导致现有理论对于中国跨国企业国际市场拓展的解释力度有限。在知识搜索方面，现有文献强调了知识搜索在中国跨国企业海外市场过程中所扮演的重要角色。但对于以中国跨国企业特有资源禀赋和属性特征来探索知识搜索内在机理的研究仍然缺失，尤其是知识搜索的动因，所搜索的知识类型，以及如何在不同的搜索方式之间做出选择和资源配置等问题有待进一步明确；在知识整合方面，现有研究指出中国跨国企业缺乏知识整合能力方面的天赋，所面临的特别的挑战在于从海外获得的知识资源在国内转移、传播和整合方面的技能很弱。事实上，虽然中国跨国企业缺乏传统理论框架认知范围内的整合能力，但对于知识搜索所获取的知识却能够通过“干中学”的方式快速转化和吸收，然而鲜有文献对干中学内在机制以及其对国际市场适应性的影响做出有益的解释。 本文基于效果逻辑构建并检验了“知识搜索—干中学—国际市场适应性”的理论框架，揭示了中国跨国企业国际市场适应性的实现机理，本文所得出的研究结论主要包括：1）面临国际市场拓展过程中的知识差距，知识搜索为中国跨国企业实现国际市场适应性提供了必要的资源支撑与保障，组织内搜索和组织间搜索对于国际市场适应性的作用存在差异性；2）中国跨国企业通过干中学的标杆瞄准、试错和快速响应，将知识搜索所获取的知识快速内化到企业的知识基中，在知识搜索与国际市场适应性之间起着重要的中介作用；3）资源约束在知识搜索与干中学之间具有重要的调节效应且呈现出较大的差异性，当资源约束程度较高的时候，中国跨国企业更愿意通过干中学的试错和快速响应对组织间搜索所获取的知识进行转化，尽管资源约束会刺激组织间搜索与干中学的互动效应，但是却弱化了组织内搜索与干中学的试错和快速响应之间的关系；4）制度复杂性对于中国跨国企业的干中学与市场反应性之间的调节效应不显著，但是对于干中学与市场绩效之间的调节效应显著且具有较大差异性。 本文的理论贡献主要体现在以下四个方面：第一，对于知识搜索与干中学交互视角下中国跨国企业国际市场适应性实现机制的研究，解释了在面对资源与制度双重约束的情境下，中国跨国企业如何通过知识搜索与干中学的迭代提升国际市场适应性，拓宽了传统国际商务理论框架的解释边界；第二，基于中国跨国企业资源禀赋的组织间搜索与组织内搜索的研究，分析了中国跨国企业知识搜索的动因与模式以及对国际市场适应性的作用，在一定程度上补充了西方知识搜索理论合理性与本土适应性考虑不足所造成的理论缺口；第三，对于中国跨国企业干中学的研究，解释了中国跨国企业如何快速转化知识搜索所获取的知识并作用于国际市场适应性，基于过程观视角，提炼了干中学在标杆瞄准、试错和快速响应三方面的内容表现，推动了干中学理论向国际商务领域的迁移与深化；第四，对于资源约束和制度复杂性情境研究，解释了不同情境下中国跨国企业知识搜索、干中学与国际市场适应性的差异，将抽象的情境因素予以量化检验，补充了对于中国跨国企业国际市场拓展情境因素考量不足所造成的理论偏视。
英文摘要：	With the profound changes in the global economic and political landscape, the international community is in a critical period of change and development. On the one hand, the phenomenon of counter-globalization, rising unilateralism and protectionism have impacted the international order and the multilateral trading system, the quick growth of the world economy has slowed down, and sudden changes such as the COVID-19, the Australian fire, the East African locust plague, and the international stock market turbulence have occurred frequently development, the volatility, uncertainty, complexity, and ambiguity (VUCA) characteristics of the operating environment of the international market are becoming increasingly prominent; on the other hand, a new round of technology and industrial revolution is emerging, artificial intelligence, robotics, virtual reality and quantum technology booming development, the convergence of the digital economy and the industrial economy, the accelerated evolution of the international division of labor system, the deep reshaping of the global value chain, and the world in a century of unprecedented changes. As the internationalization process of Chinese multinational enterprises gradually transitions from the “going out” and “going in” stages to the “going up” stage, the international market operation environment they face is more complex, the investment space is more spatially separated, and the target customers are consumption habits are also more diverse. Therefore, facing the challenges of uncertainty in the international market, the dynamics of technological change, and the complexity of the institutional environment, how can Chinese multinational enterprises acquire and integrate knowledge to act on their adaptability in the international market, which has become their achievement in the international market. The key to the transformation of “running” to “co-running” and “leading”. Existing literature identifies the realization paths and driving factors of multinational corporations’ international market adaptability, and explores the relationship between knowledge search and integration for multinational enterprises’ internationalization performance, and provides useful theoretical insights for understanding multinational corporations’ international market expansion. However, the traditional theories of international business have been refined based on observations of multinational enterprises in developed markets such as Europe and the United States. Due to the extreme differences in the institutional environment, own resource endowments, and international growth paths, the existing the theory has limited explanation for the internationalization of Chinese multinational enterprises. In terms of knowledge search, existing literature emphasizes the important role that knowledge search plays in the process of Chinese multinational enterprises’ overseas markets. But the research on the mechanism of knowledge search based on the unique resource endowments and attribute characteristics of Chinese multinational enterprises is still lacking, especially the motivation of knowledge search, the type of knowledge searched, and how to choose between different search methods issues such as resource allocation and resources need to be further clarified; in terms of knowledge integration, existing research points out that Chinese multinational enterprises lack talents in knowledge integration capabilities, and the particular challenge they face is the domestic transfer, dissemination and integration of knowledge resources obtained from overseas. In fact, although Chinese multinational enterprises lack the ability to integrate within the cognitive scope of traditional theoretical frameworks, the knowledge acquired by knowledge search can be quickly transformed and absorbed through the learning by doing. However, there is little literature on learning by doing mechanism and its impact on the international market adaptability. Based on the effectuation logic, this paper constructs and tests the theoretical framework of “knowledge search - learning by doing- international market adaptability” and reveals the realization mechanism of the international market adaptability of Chinese multinational enterprises. The research conclusions of this paper mainly include: 1) facing the knowledge gap in the process of international market expansion, knowledge search provides ability to realize the international market adaptability resource support and guarantee, there are differences in the role of intra organizational search and inter organizational search in the adaptability of international market; 2) through benchmarking, trial and error and quick response, Chinese multinational enterprises quickly internalize the knowledge acquired by knowledge search into the knowledge base of enterprises, which plays an important intermediary role between knowledge search and the international market adaptability; 3 ）Resource constraints play an important role in regulating knowledge search and learning by doing. When resource constraints are high, Chinese multinational enterprises are more willing to transform the knowledge acquired by inter organizational search through trial and error and quick response of learning by doing. Although resource constraints stimulate the interaction between inter organizational search and learning by doing, they are weak it changes the relationship between intra organizational search and trial and error and quick response; 4) the regulatory effect of institutional complexity on the response between learning by doing and the market of Chinese multinational enterprises is not significant, but the regulatory effect between learning by doing and the market performance is significant and has great difference. The theoretical contributions of this paper are mainly reflected in the following four aspects: First, the research on the adaptive realization mechanism of Chinese multinational enterprises in the international market from the perspective of the interaction between knowledge search and learning by doing, explains the situation under the dual constraints of resources and institutions how can Chinese multinational corporations improve the adaptability of the international market through the iterative search of knowledge and cadre learning, and broaden the interpretation boundary of the traditional international business theoretical framework; Second, The motivation and model of Chinese multinational enterprises’ knowledge search and its role in adapting to the international market, to a certain extent, it complements the theoretical gap caused by the lack of rationality of western knowledge search theories and the consideration of local adaptability. Third, the study of learning by doing explains how Chinese multinational enterprises can quickly transform the knowledge acquired by knowledge search and act on the adaptability of the international market. Based on the perspective of process view, the content of learning by doing in benchmarking, trial and error, and rapid response is refined. Promote the theory of learning by doing to international business field; Fourth, this paper studies resource constraints and institutional complexity, explains the differences of knowledge search, learning by doing and international market adaptability in different situational of Chinese multinational enterprises, tests the situational factors quantitatively, and supplements the problems caused by insufficient consideration of the situational factors of Chinese multinational enterprises’ internationalization.
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