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论文编号：	11702
作者编号：	2120182911
上传时间：	2020/6/19 20:23:14
中文题目：	生鲜农产品供应链减损投资激励机制研究
英文题目：	Research on the incentive mechanism of investment to reduce post-harvest loss of fresh agricultural products
指导老师：	刘彦平
中文关键字：	生鲜农产品；产后损失；激励机制；供应链协调
英文关键字：	Fresh agricultural products; Post-harvest loss; Incentive mechanism； Supply chain coordination
中文摘要：	生鲜农产品是保障人民生活刚需的高频消费品，其能否保质保量供应事关国计民生、企业经济效益以及人民生活质量。随着人民消费理念的转型升级，优质、绿色、健康的生鲜农产品广受消费者的青睐。然而，生鲜农产品区别于工业消费品，具有鲜活、易腐、生命周期短等特性，且当前我国生鲜农产品供应链上游企业产后减损和冷链物流建设投资严重不足，加速了生鲜农产品在流通过程中的损耗和变质，导致消费者难以买到优质低价的生鲜农产品。 本文引入“减损投资水平”这一变量，构建了受生鲜农产品新鲜度和价格双因素影响的消费者需求函数，关注不同消费者偏好对生鲜企业决策的影响。综合运用优化理论、消费者购买决策理论以及Stackelberg博弈理论、供应链契约理论，通过建立农业合作社主导下的Stackelberg博弈模型、超市主导下的Stackelberg博弈模型以及集中决策情形下的博弈模型，对不同博弈模型下农业合作社的减损投资决策和超市的市场定价决策进行对比，并针对分散决策情形下的Stackelberg博弈考虑了三种供应链契约，分别是收益共享契约、减损成本分担契约以及“收益共享+减损成本共担”契约。最后，利用数值仿真验证了模型的正确性和激励契约的有效性。 研究结果表明：两种主导者不同的分权式供应链中，上游企业的减损投资水平均低于集权式供应链。三种供应链契约中，传统的收益共享契约和简单的减损成本分担契约均不能实现帕累托最优，只有“收益共享+减损成本共担”契约能够实现分权供应链的协调，同时激励农业合作社加大减损投资，并且进一步缩小契约参数范围可以提高消费者的效用。本文的研究结论丰富了生鲜农产品供应链契约的内容和研究视角，对于确定生鲜农产品产地产后减损投资水平、批发价格以及市场销售价格等决策的具有重要的参考意义。
英文摘要：	Fresh agricultural products are high-frequency consumer goods to ensure people's daily lives, whether they can guarantee the quality and quantity of supply is related to the national economy and people's livelihood, the economic benefits of enterprises and the quality of people's lives. With the transformation and upgrading of people's consumption concept, high-quality, green and healthy fresh agricultural products are widely favored by consumers. However, fresh agricultural products are different from industrial consumer goods, with fresh, perishable, short life cycle and other characteristics, and the investment of China's upstream enterprises on post-harvest reducing loss and cold chain logistics construction in the current supply chain of fresh agricultural products are extremely inadequate, accelerating the loss and deterioration of fresh agricultural products in the circulation process, resulting in consumers difficult to buy high-quality and low-cost fresh agricultural products. In view of this, this paper introduces the variable of "the investment to reduce post-harvest loss" and constructs the consumer demand function influenced by the freshness and price of fresh agricultural products, and pays attention to the influence of different consumer preferences on the decision-making of fresh agricultural products enterprises. Based on optimization theory, consumer purchase decision theory, Stackelberg game theory and supply chain contract theory, we compare the decision of investment to reduce post-harvest loss of the supplier and the market pricing decision of supermarket by establishing the Stackelberg game model under the leadership of agricultural cooperative, the stackelberg game model under the supermarket's leadership and the game model under the centralized decision-making situation. Three supply chain contracts are considered for the Stackelberg game in the context of decentralized decision-making, namely, benefit sharing contract, impairment cost sharing contract and "benefit sharing and loss-making cost sharing" contract. Finally, numerical simulation is used to verify the validity of the model and the validity of the incentive contract. The results show that in the decentralized supply chain of the two leaders, the investment of upstream enterprises is lower than that of the centralized supply chain. Among the three supply chain contracts, the traditional benefit-sharing contract and the simple cost-sharing contract can not achieve the best pareto, only the "revenue sharing and cost sharing" contract can realize the coordination of decentralized supply chain, and at the same time encourage agricultural cooperatives to increase the investment, and further reduce the scope of contract parameters can improve the effectiveness of consumers. The conclusion of this paper enriches the content and research perspective of the supply chain contract of fresh agricultural products, and is of great reference significance for the determination of investment on reducing post-harvest loss, wholesale pricing of suppliers and sales pricing of retailers.
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