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论文编号：	1145
作者编号：	2120072330
上传时间：	2009/6/9 16:34:42
中文题目：	中美个人住房抵押贷款风险比较研
英文题目：	risk comparative studing of SI
指导老师：	王全喜
中文关键字：	商业银行;个人住房抵押贷款;风险
英文关键字：	commercial banks;personal hous
中文摘要：	摘　要 2007年4月2日，随着美国第二大次级抵押贷款机构——新世纪金融公司向法院申请破产保护，曾经一度欣欣向荣的美国次级住房抵押贷款市场开始显现危机。2007年8月，全美最大商业抵押贷款公司股价暴跌，美次级债危机恶化。2008年年初，美国最大两家住房抵押贷款公司房利美和房地美的债券开始被大举抛售，这预示着美国整个房地产行业开始全面崩溃。房地产泡沫终于破灭，美国陷入了自20世纪30年代大萧条以来最为严重的金融危机。 反观我国，自从1998年国家停止福利分房以来，由于按揭制度的推出，个人购买力的提高，我国房地产市场渐显繁荣，房地产金融信贷余额逐年增加。但由于个人住房抵押贷款在我国一直被视为“优质资产”而较少引起各大金融机构对其潜在风险的重视，国次贷危机给我国商业银行敲响了警钟。因此，分析比较中美个人住房抵押贷款的异同对国内商业银行进行房贷风险控制具有积极的现实指导意义。 本文以中美个人住房抵押贷款风险比较为题，首先对美国次级住房抵押贷款危机进行了理论分析并得出其危机发生的五大根源，即：过度放贷，风险积聚；房价回落，危机爆发；金融创新工具的应用，危机放大；信用评级误导，危机加剧；政府监管缺位，危机深化。其次本文对我国商业银行个人住房抵押贷款的现状与风险进行了较为全面的剖析。重点是希望通过中美在个人住房抵押贷款产品设计、贷款市场、市场监管三个方面的比较以揭示异同，并借此提示我国商业银行个人住房抵押贷款业务的潜在风险。最后，通过美国次级住房抵押贷款危机的启示，本文对我国商业银行个人住房抵押贷款风险控制提出了如下对策：加强宏观经济形势研判，密切关注宏观经济形势变动；加强内控制度建设，改造业务流程；完善个人住房抵押贷款风险管理制度和政策环境；加强商业银行个人住房抵押贷款监管。 关键词：商业银行 个人住房抵押贷款 风险比较 风险控制
英文摘要：	Abstract At April 2, 2007, the second-largest subprime mortgage lenders——New Century Financial Corporation applied to the court for bankruptcy protection, along with it, booming secondary mortgage market has been emerged crisis. In August 2007, the nation’s largest commercial company’s stock slumped, U.S. subprime mortgage crisis got worse. In early 2008, massive bond of Finnie Mae and Freddie Mac, the two largest mortgage companies in U.S., suffered a huge sell-off, which means the whole real estate industry had total collapsed. Finally, real estate bubble burst, and U.S. came to the worst financial crisis since the 1930s. In contrast, China’s real estate industry began to prosperity and credit balance of real estate finance has increased year by year since stopped welfare-oriented public housing distribution in 1998, as a result of introduction of mortgage system and the increase of individual purchasing power. However, personal housing mortgage loans has always been regarded as “high-quality assets” in our country and therefore caused major financial institutions have not pay enough attention to the importance of its potential risks. U.S. subprime mortgage crisis has taken its toll on China’s commercial banks. For this reason, it is very important that analysis and compare the similarities and differences of the personal housing mortgage loans between China and U.S., and then give some practical guidance to domestic commercial banks control the risk of mortgage. This paper compared the risk of personal housing mortgage loans between China and U.S. First, analysis the U.S. subprime mortgage crisis and find out five root causes of the crisis: excessive lending and accumulated risk, housing price fell back caused the crisis break out, applied financial innovation tools and enlarged the crisis, misleading assessment of credit rating aggravated the crisis, governmental supervision and management is insufficient lead to deeper crisis. Second, this paper conducted a more comprehensive analysis with current situation and risk of personal housing mortgage loans in China’s commercial banks. This paper focus on design of mortgage loans, loan market, market supervision, and compare their similarities and differences between China and U.S. By doing so, remind risk of personal housing mortgage loans in China’s commercial banks. Finally, learned a lesson from U.S. subprime mortgage crisis, this paper made the following response: strengthen research and judge about macroeconomic situation and pay close attention to the situation changes of macroeconomic, strengthen internal control system and transform business process, improve both the system of personal housing mortgage loans risk management and policy environment, strengthen supervision of commercial banks’ personal housing mortgage loans. Key words: commercial banks personal housing mortgage loans risk compare risk control
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