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论文编号：	10866
作者编号：	2220160728
上传时间：	2019/6/12 16:00:13
中文题目：	保险公司治理问题及应对策略研究——以T保险公司为例
英文题目：	Research on the Governance Problems and Solutions of Insurance Companies Illustrated by the case of T insurance company
指导老师：	李建标
中文关键字：	保险公司；公司治理；应对策略
英文关键字：	Insurance Companies;Corporate Governance;Solutions
中文摘要：	近年来，保险行业出现了诸多乱象和问题，包括内部人控制、股东一股独大，“三会一层”架构没有发挥实效等公司治理问题，引起了保险监管部门高度重视。“中小银行及保险公司公司治理培训座谈会”于2018年4月召开，在此次会议上郭树清（中国银保监会主席）指出了银行业以及保险业存在的问题。所以现代化的公司治理机制的建立完善，是现阶段防范和化解各类金融风险，确保金融机构稳健发展的重要措施，也是银行业与保险业深化改革的首要任务。 在此背景下，本文通过对银保监会公布的公司治理监管函进行归纳总结分析，并结合其他信息资料，指出了保险公司治理存在的突出性问题，包括股东股权管理方面存在的问题，三会一层管理有效性问题，关联交易管理不规范问题以及治理理念缺失、内部管控机制不完善、偿付能力制度执行不规范等，并针对上述问题提供了解决问题的措施。最后，本文以T保险公司为例，就其公司治理基本情况、治理问题及应对策略进行了研究。期望本文的研究对保险公司和整个保险行业完善和改进公司治理问题，从根本上防范风险提供参考和借鉴。 本文提出的结论，也是改进保险行业公司治理问题的建议主要包括以下几点：一是由于保险公司的社会性，在保险公司治理机制中，外部监管是一个特别重要的组成部分。二是监管部门要加强股东股权的管理，一方面要严格进行股东准入审查，从股东资质、持股比例、资金来源等方面来遴选合格的保险公司股东，严把入口关。另一方面要加强对股东行为的监管，对违规股东实施严厉的问责措施，使股东不敢违规。三是保险公司要强化董事会、监事会的地位和作用。尤其要确保独立董事的独立性，确保独立董事和监事会发挥实质性的监督作用。四是监管部门要严格关联交易监管，重点是严格落实穿透原则，防止通过隐蔽的关联交易输送利益，损害保险公司和投保人利益。同时要重视保险公司的信息披露，提高经营管理的透明度，加大公众监督，从外部推动保险公司提高公司治理的规范性水平。五是保险公司要重视资产负债匹配管理，确保资产和负债合理匹配，防止发生错配和流动性风险，影响公司偿付能力。同时保险公司要加强偿付能力管理，制定偿付能力不足的预防方案，定期开展偿付能力监测，当发生偿付能力危机时能及时采用必要的工具恢复和优化偿付能力水平。 笔者提出的以上建议措施，只有保险行业监管部门加强股权监管等措施、加大问责、多管齐下，保险公司提升合规意识，加强制度的执行力，切实发挥独立董事和监事会的监督作用，内外部措施共同发挥合力，才能真正提升保险公司的公司治理水平，确保公司偿付能力充足，切实维护保险公司和包括投保人在内的利益相关者的利益。
英文摘要：	In recent years, a number of corporate governance issues have been appearing in the insurance industry, such as insider-control, main shareholder monopoly and the dysfunction of the “Shareholders' meeting, board of directors, board of supervisors, management" structure”. Such issues have drawn great attention from the insurance regulatory authorities. At the "Small and Medium Bank and Insurance Company Corporate Governance Training Symposium" held in April 2018, GuoShuqing, chairman of the China Banking Regulatory Commission, pointed out certain problems in China's banking and insurance industry regarding corporate governance. Therefore, establishing and improving the modern corporate governance mechanism is an essential measure to prevent and resolve various financial risks at present and to ensure the stable development of financial institutions, and it is also the primary task for deepening the reform of the banking and insurance industry. In this context, this thesis summarizes and analyzes the corporate governance supervision letter published by the Banking Regulatory Commission and other relative materials to point out and provide solutions to the crucial problems of insurance company governance, including shareholder equity management, the management effectiveness of the board of directors, the board of supervisors, and the management team, unqualified management of related party transactions, lack of governance concepts, imperfect internal control mechanisms, and irregular implementation of solvency systems. Finally, this thesis takes insurance company T as an example to study the basic situation of corporate governance, governance issues and corresponding solutions. It is expected that the research in this thesis will provide reference to insurance companies and the entire insurance industry to improve corporate governance and fundamentally prevent risks. The conclusion of this thesis, also suggestion for improving corporate governance of insurance industry is as follows: First, due to the sociality of insurance companies, external supervision is a particularly important part of the insurance company governance mechanism. Second, the regulatory authorities should strengthen the governance of shareholder equities through strict approval standard of shareholder access, by assessing the qualification of shareholders, shareholding ratio, source of capital, etc. And the regulatory authorities should strengthen the supervision of shareholders' behavior and implement strict accountability measures to those shareholders who violate the rules, so that shareholders dare not violate the rules. Third, insurance companies should strengthen the status and role of the board of directors and the board of supervisors. In particular, they must ensure the independence of independent directors and ensure that independent directors and board of supervisors play a substantive supervisory role. Fourth, the regulatory authorities must give related transaction strict supervision, especially by strictly implementing the principle of penetration to prevent the transmission of benefits through covert related transactions which harm the interests of insurance companies and insurance applicant. At the same time, the regulatory authorities are supposed to pay attention to the information disclosure of insurance companies, to improve the transparency of business management, and to increase public supervision, so as to promote the level of corporate governance. Fifth, insurance companies should pay attention to asset-liability matching management, which is to ensure that assets and liabilities are properly matched, and to prevent mismatching and liquidity risks that would affect the company's solvency. At the same time, insurance companies should strengthen solvency management, develop programs to prevent insufficient solvency, conduct solvency monitoring on a regular basis, and use the necessary tools to restore and optimize solvency levels in a timely manner when a solvency crisis occurs. In summary, only by strengthening the supervision of stock ownership, increasing accountability and multi-pronged management, enhancing the awareness of compliance for insurance companies, strengthening the implementation of the system, effectively playing the supervisory role of independent directors and board of supervisors, can we really improve the level of corporate governance of insurance companies, ensure that the company's solvency is adequate, and effectively safeguard the interests of insurance companies and and stakeholders including policyholders.
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