联系我们

论文查询结果	返回搜索

论文编号：	10832
作者编号：	1120130829
上传时间：	2018/12/17 17:50:32
中文题目：	城市公共图书馆空间布局评价研究——以广州市为例
英文题目：	A Study on the Evaluation of Spatial Distribution of Urban Public LibrariesA Case Study of Guangzhou City
指导老师：	徐建华
中文关键字：	公共图书馆；空间布局；空间特征；可达性
英文关键字：	Urban Public Library; Spatial Distribution; Geographic Information System; Spatial Accessibility
中文摘要：	公共图书馆是城市公共文化服务体系的重要组成部分，具有实现和保障公众基本文化权益、满足公众知识和基本信息需求的功能。我国一直以公共图书馆覆盖率、人均馆藏量、阅览座席数量、人均建筑面积、年读者到馆量等指标来指导城市公共图书馆的规划建设。不可否认，上述指标在一定程度上能够体现城市公共图书馆服务体系的整体水平，有一定的可比性。然而，在实际的应用中，我们忽视了城市公共图书馆的空间分布格局和空间公平性，缺乏具体指导城市公共图书馆空间均衡分布的指标，也较少关注由公共图书馆地理位置引发的公共图书馆服务空间获取障碍。作为公共服务体系规划的重要组成部分，公共图书馆规划不仅要保障图书馆与馆藏资源的数量，也要兼顾其可达性。近年来国内外越来越多的研究关注公共设施空间分布的均衡性、可达性与公平性，图书馆情报学领域类似的研究却不多见。 鉴于城市公共图书馆空间布局研究具有重要的理论价值和现实意义，本研究选择城市文化的依托载体——城市公共图书馆作为研究对象，在地理信息技术的支持下，以广州市为案例地域，主要从公共图书馆布局建设过程、空间布局特征、空间布局的可达性与公平性三个层面对城市公共图书馆空间布局进行实证研究。本研究首先从基本概念与理论基础的梳理入手，然后，基于国内外公共图书馆空间布局评价相关研究内容与方法的梳理与总结，提出：可以基于地理信息系统技术，利用公共设施空间分析方法对城市公共图书馆空间布局进行评价。接下来，本研究对广州市公共图书馆布局建设的背景和环境、布局建设过程与现状进行概述，对实证地区进行基础了解。在此基础上，对广州市公共图书馆的空间布局特征进行分析，包括总体布局的空间特征、等级结构的空间特征、服务需求的空间特征。最后，关注城市公共图书馆空间布局的可达性与公平性特征，结合案例，基于三种常用的公共服务设施可达性度量方法——最近距离法、移动搜索法、改进潜能模型对研究区公共图书馆的可达性进行定量评价。在可达性测算结果的基础上，运用洛伦茨曲线、基尼系数这两种公平性度量方法，度量了研究区公共图书馆的空间公平程度。 本文的主要结论如下： 第一，建立了城市公共图书馆地理数据库。本研究通过收集空间数据与属性数据，利用ArcGIS 10.0软件平台，建立了广州市公共图书馆地理数据库。本研究中建立公共图书馆地理数据库的方法，可以推广到国内其他城市公共图书馆地理数据库的构建。 第二，系统分析了城市公共图书馆布局建设过程与现状。本研究通过对城市公共图书馆建设背景与环境、建设过程与现状进行分析，研究结果表明：2000年以来广州经济迅速发展，但图书馆发展相对滞后，郊区表现尤其明显。本文还对广州市公共图书馆的覆盖率、建筑面积、馆藏量分布和人员分布等因素来分析资源空间供给情况，得出广州是公共图书馆的空间布局依然存在问题，主要体现在以下几方面：缺乏统筹规划和规范管理；公共图书馆服务不够均衡且资源过于集中；基层图书馆资源使用效率不高，运营效率不善等。 第三，综合分析了城市公共图书馆的空间布局特征。研究结果表明，广州市不同街镇居民点拥有的公共图书馆使用机会存在显著的空间差异，公共图书馆的供给应更加优质化、多等级化。从公共图书馆的总体布局的空间特征来看，广州市公共图书馆呈现以传统老城区、中心城区为核心，现代化新城为边缘地带的空间分布格局。区域间公共图书馆的空间聚集水平差异明显，圈层分异、扇形分异与轴向指向特征明显；从规模等级的空间特征来看，广州市不同规模等级的城市公共图书馆在空间布局上差异显著，各区的公共图书馆综合服务等级差异明显；从服务需求的空间特征来看：广州市公共图书馆服务范围相差极大，六成居民可方便获取公共图书馆服务，各区服务系数差距明显。 第四，运用多种可达性度量方法能够客观、全面地评价居民获取公共图书馆服务的方便程度。研究结果表明，广州市公共图书馆空间布局的可达性整体水平有待提高，地区分异明显。广州市居民点公共图书馆可达性水平在空间上呈现出城市中心区、各区中心较好，郊区较差的分异格局。由于街镇级以上公共图书馆分布的不平衡性，不同街道（镇）的居民到达图书馆的最近距离、选择公共图书馆的机会、改进潜能可达性值差距较大。广州市各地区在街道（镇）水平上公共图书馆空间公平性程度较低，空间布局不够合理。 第五，地理信息系统技术可以辅助城市公共图书馆的空间分析。实证研究的程中利用地理信息系统技术可以高效、准确地获取案例地区的现状资料，并且在计算机支持下进行大量统计和运算分析，使得城市公共图书馆空间布局的各项指标以数值或图形可视化的方式直观地呈现分析结果。地理信息系统技术快速获取空间地理信息、强大的空间分析能力对于城市公共图书馆系统空间布局评价研究形成了非常有效的辅助作用，而且潜力巨大。 本研究具有较重要的理论价值和实践应用性。第一，本研究基于人文地理学的视角，在总结国内外公共设施、公共图书馆空间布局评价研究的基础上，对公共图书馆空间布局进行了全面的、系统的评价，可以提升公共设施空间布局评价相关研究的广度和深度。第二，结合地理信息系统技术，基于城市公共图书馆地理数据库，深入研究分析当前城市公共图书馆资源的空间布局特征。从图书馆用户的角度出发，基于利用可达性度量方法对城市公共图书馆空间布局的可达性进行定量评价分析，并将其以可视化的方式直观地展现出来。这种城市公共图书馆空间布局评价方法提供了一个全新的方法论的视角，可作为传统研究方法的有效补充，为城市公共图书馆空间布局评价方法注入新的活力。第三，在地理信息系统软件的支持下，对广州市公共图书馆空间布局进行评价，可为今后政府部门的决策与相关政策的制定提供技术支持。
英文摘要：	The public library is an important component of the urban public cultural service system. It has the functions of realizing and protecting the basic cultural rights of the public and meeting the basic needs of public knowledge and information. It has always guided the planning and construction of urban public libraries with public library coverage rate, providing documents per capita, number of reading seats, building area per capita, and annual library visits per capita and so on. To a certain extent it is undeniable that the above indicators can reflect the overall level of the public library service system. In practical applications, we ignore the spatial distribution pattern and spatial justice of urban public libraries. We lack some specific indicators to guide the spatial distribution of urban public libraries, and pay less attention to the barriers to access public library services caused by the geographical location of public libraries. As an important part of the public service system planning, public library planning should not only ensure the quantity of libraries and collection resources, but also the accessibility of library resources. In recent years, more and more researches over the world have focused on the balance, accessibility and fairness of the spatial distribution of public facilities. Howover, similar researches in the field of library and information science are rare. In view of the important practical significance and theoretical value, this paper now takes the urban public library as the research object, which is the carrier of urban culture. By using the geographic information technology and taking Guangzhou City as the case, the empirical research on the spatial distribution of urban public libraries is carried out from the three levels of public library distribution construction process, spatial distribution characteristics, spatial accessibility and fairness. Firstly, this study begins with the combing of basic concepts and theoretical foundations. Then we sort out and summarize the contents and methods of the public libraries’ spatial distribution all over the world. And futher we propose that the public facilities spatial analysis methods can be used to evaluate the spatial distribution of urban public libraries, based on the geographic information system. Next, we outline the construction context, construction process and current situation of public library distribution in Guangzhou, hoping to get some enlightenment from it. On this basis, the paper analyzes the spatial distribution characteristics of public libraries in Guangzhou, including the spatial characteristics of the overall structure, the hierarchical structure, and service requirements structure. Finally, we pay attention to the accessibility and fairness characteristics of the spatial distribution of urban public libraries. Three public service facility accessibility measurement methods were employed to quantitatively evaluate the accessibility of public libraries based on ArcGIS. Then on the basis of the accessibility calculations, the Lorenz curve and the Gini coefficient are used to quantitatively measure the spatial fairness of the public libraries. Firstly, a geographical database of the city public libraries is constructed. By collecting spatial and attribute data and using ArcGIS 10.0 software platform, we bulid Guangzhou Public Libiraries Geodatabase. The method in this study should be extended to the construction of a public library geodatabase in other cities in China. Secondly, we systematically analyzed the process and current situation of urban public library distribution construction. Through the analysis of the natural conditions, urban nature, development planning, economic development and geographical distribution of Guangzhou, the research results show that since 2000, Guangzhou's economy has developed rapidly. But, the development of the library is relatively lagging, especially in the suburbs. In further, this paper also analyzes the supply of natural resources by factors such as coverage rate, building area, library collection and librarian distribution in Guangzhou. However, there are still some problems in the spatial distribution of public libraries in Guangzhou, which is stated as follows: lack of overall planning and standardized management; unbalanced distribution of public library services and resources; inefficiency of Grass-roots Library resource and so on. Thirdly, comprehensive analysis of the spatial distribution characteristics of urban public libraries is given. The result shows that there are great differences of public library facilities in different districts of Guangzhou, and the public library facilities and the population distribution are not coordinate. The accumulation level in the old districts of the city is much higher than new developed districts. The spatial distribution of urban library facilities manifiests notable characteristics of circle，axial and fan-shaped differentiation. According to great differences of the scalee grade public library facilities in different districts of Guangzhou, the comprehensive service levels of public libraries in different districts are significantly different. The scope of library services varies greatly, and 60% residents can easily access public library services. Fourth, we objectively and comprehensively evaluate the convenience of residents in obtaining public library services by using a variety of accessibility methods. The overall level of accessibility of the spatial distribution of public libraries in Guangzhou still needs to be improved and remarkable regional difference. The accessibility level of the public libraries in the old districts of the city is much higher than new developed districts. In terms of regional comparison, the level of the nearest distance, cumulative opportunity, and potential accessibility to publish libiaries from the residential areas in the central city are lower than the suburbs, and the gap is obvious. Fifth, geographic information systems should be assisted in the spatial analysis of urban public libraries. In the process of empirical research, we can obtain the current situation data of the case area efficiently and accurately by using GIS technology. And further, we carry out a large number of statistical and operational analysis under the support of the computer, such that the indicators of the spatial distribution of the urban public library are visualized numerically or graphically. The rapid acquisition of spatial geographic information and powerful spatial analysis ability of GIS technology has formed a very effective assistant role for the evaluation of the spatial layout of urban public library system, and have great potential. This research has great theoretical value and practical significance. Firstly, based on summarizing the research on the spatial distribution evaluation of public facilities and public libraries at home and abroad, this study attempts to give a systematic and comprehensive evaluation of the spatial distribution of public libraries from the perspective of human geography, in order to improve the breadth and depth of the study on space distribution of libiary. Secondly, combining GIS technology and based on the urban public library geodatabase, we deeply analyze the spatial distribution characteristics of current urban public library resources. From the perspective of library users, we give a quantitative evaluation and analysis of the spatial distribution of urban public libraries based on the method of profitability, and further, it is visually displayed in a visual way. This study provides a new methodological perspective, which can be used as an effective supplement to traditional research methods, and injects new vitality into the urban public library space dribution evaluation methods. Thirdly, this study evaluates the spatial distribution of the public libraries in Guangzhou with the support of GIS software, which should provide technical support for helping government making decision and related policies.
查看全文：	预览  下载(下载需要进行登录)