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论文编号：	1025
作者编号：	2120072078
上传时间：	2009/5/26 17:08:17
中文题目：	基于目标管理法的员工心理资本提
英文题目：	Enhancing Psychological Capita
指导老师：	王健友 副教授
中文关键字：	心理资本 目标管理 提升作用
英文关键字：	Psychological Capital Managem
中文摘要：	心理资本是一种重要的个人积极心理能力，是个体在特定的情境下对待任务、绩效和成功的一种积极状态。员工的心理状态不佳不仅会影响员工的工作积极性，削弱士气，而且还会导致满意度的降低和离职率的增加，从而降低企业工作绩效，影响企业的发展战略。如何通过提升员工的心理资本，激发员工的主动性和创造性，有效地引导员工运用其才能、优势和心理能力，发挥组织成员的全部潜力，使组织实现更有价值的可持续发展目标，已成为企业领导者尤其是人力资源管理者所面临的一个急待解决的问题。 近年来，理论界对心理资本的构建和开发仍缺乏一个较系统的理论框架支撑。只有在充分重视员工的自主性和能动性的基础上，从员工——企业互动的角度来探索提升心理资本的途径和措施，提升员工心理资本的措施才会取得成效，组织获取持续竞争优势的目标才会实现。美国管理学大师彼得•德鲁克提出的目标管理法在原有目标设置理论的基础上，有效贯彻了员工参与管理的思想，以提高员工自主性为核心要求，同时又建立了一套具体、可衡量的目标体系，对员工的积极心理状态的形成有较大的激励和促进作用。本文借助该理论，从基于工作任务的角度为心理资本的提升提供了一个较为系统的视角，探讨了目标管理法在员工心理资本的提升和开发方面的应用，提出了采用目标管理来有效提升和激发员工积极心理资本的方法和实施模式。 文章从分析理论界已有的心理资本提升方法出发，提出现有方法在理论上和实践上的局限，以及目标管理法的优势和改进。接下来，证实了目标管理法与心理资本提升的理论契合点，在分析目标管理各个步骤对心理资本提升的作用途径的基础上，构建了目标管理促进心理资本提升的作用模型，并从复杂的作用关系中提炼出目标的可行性提升员工的希望与乐观、目标设置与员工参与形成高自我效能，以及沟通与反馈提升员工的职业弹性等三组主要作用关系，对其作用原理以及可能产生的负面影响一一进行详细分析和探讨，以期为后来的实证研究奠定理论基础和框架。
英文摘要：	It has been a profound understanding of the need to continuously improve business performance, enhance and maintain long-term competitive advantage; people must put great emphasis on the investment of human resource. Psychological capital is an important positive psychological capacity of individuals; a positive psychological state when individuals face specific tasks, performance and success; and have significant impact on job satisfaction and performance. Poor psychological state of employees will not only affect their enthusiasm; reduce their morale, but also lead to lower satisfaction and higher turnover rate, thereby impacting enterprise’s development strategies. How to enhance the psychological capital of the staff and effectively guide them to make full use of their potential skills, strength and mental ability to enable organizations achieve more valuable and sustainable development goals, has become a pressing problem that faced by business leaders, particularly, human resource managers. In recent years, psychological capital as a new concept has gradually become a hot spot of academic research. However, there is still a lack of a systematic theoretical framework for its enhancement and development. The way to effectively enhance employee’s psychological capital and achieve the organization’s competitive advantage is to put great importance on employees’ initiative and autonomy. American management master Peter Dructer brought forward Management by Objectives (MBO) theory, which based on the original Goal Setting theory, has great effect on enhancing employees’ psychological capital. This paper borrowed the MBO theory, not only because it emphasized staff-involvement and focused on employees’ self-determination, but also because it established a set of specific and measurable system of objectives, which played a great role on the formation of employees’ positive psychological state. In this paper, by using the MBO theory, we provide a more systematic perspective of enhancing employees’ psychological capital. We discussed the use of MBO theory to effectively motivate employee and enhance their psychological capital, and then brought forward an effect model of these two concepts and practical approaches based on it. This article started from analyzing the existed methods of enhancing the psychological capital in academic circle, proposed their theoretical and practical limitations, as well as the advantages and improving of the Management by Objectives method. Then, we confirmed the connection point of Management by Objectives and psychological capital. On the basis of analyzing the positive influence of the steps of MBO to psychological capital, we built a model of MBO's enhancing function to psychological capital，and from the complex function relations, we extracted three main groups of relationships: Feasible objectives can enhance employees’ hope and optimism, goal-setting and staff-involving can form employees’ high self-efficacy, as well as communication and feedback can enhance employees’ job flexibility. Analyze and discussed their role in principle and possible negative impact, to provide a theoretical foundation and framework for the subsequent research.
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