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论文编号：	10020
作者编号：	2120162775
上传时间：	2018/6/6 21:27:41
中文题目：	技术进步与劳动者技能的适配性研究 ——基于硬件-软件-人件"异质共生"的关系
英文题目：	Research on the Adaptability of Technology Progress and Laborers'' Skills: on the Heterogeneous and Symbiotic Relationships among Hardware, Software and Humanware
指导老师：	杨斌
中文关键字：	生产系统；技术；自动化程度；劳动者技能；适配性；工业4.0
英文关键字：	Production system; Technology; Degree of automation ; Laborers'' skills; Adaptability; Industry 4.0
中文摘要：	人类社会历经了机械化、电气化时代后，现已进入信息化并逐步迈向智能化时代，技术进步推动了信息技术与实体制造的深度融合，为全球制造业转型提供契机。放眼全球，诸多国家已经开始关注制造升级，德国依赖技术优势提出了"工业4.0"概念，中国也制定了"中国制造2025"战略。 毫无疑问，工业4.0的到来将对生产模式产生冲击。本研究基于马克思"生产力与生产关系"的辩证关系，聚焦微观层面的生产现场，以生产系统有效性为导向，分析技术进步和劳动者技能的适配机制，以揭示新技术驱动下的生产系统变革过程，旨在为中国制造业转型提供理论指导和实践建议。 首先，本研究依托英国、美国、日本的特定时空结构，分别介绍了手工生产系统、少品种大规模生产系统和精益生产系统的硬件、软件与人件特征，分析了三个生产系统的技术特性、自动化程度与劳动者技能特征，并构建了传统生产系统下技术进步与劳动者技能的适配逻辑。然后，根据传统生产系统下的适配逻辑和智能工厂案例--西门子与宝马，进一步探讨工业4.0下技术进步与劳动者技能的适配性，剖析自动化和智能化对生产现场的影响。通过研究发现，在工业4.0的生产系统中，现场层的低技能操作工人被机器大量替代，而操作层具备管理职责和技术职责的操作工人与机器形成互补。虽然技术进步能够替代劳动者技能，但是人的技能在灵敏性操作中依然具备优势，智能生产系统离不开人的控制，是以人为中心的高度柔性的生产系统。最后，根据技术进步与劳动者技能的适配性提出人力资源管理的应对策略。
英文摘要：	After the era of mechanization and electrification, human society has entered the information era and gradually moving towards the intelligent era. Technological progress has promoted the in-depth integration of information technology and physical manufacturing and provided an opportunity for global manufacturing transformation. Looking around the world, many countries have begun to pay attention to manufacturing upgrades. Germany relies on technological superiority to present the concept of 'Industry 4.0', at the same time, China has also formulated 'Made in China 2025'. There is no doubt that the arrival of Industry 4.0 will have an impact on the production system. This study is based on the dialectical relationship between productivity and production relations, focuses on the micro-level production site and takes the effectiveness of production systems as the guide in order to analyze adaptability of technological progress to laborers ' skill and reveal the changing process of the production system. The aim of this study is to provide theoretical guidance and practical advice for the transformation of China's manufacturing industry. First of all, this study introduces hardware-software-humanware of the manual production system, the mass production system and the lean production system, relied on the space-time structures of the United Kingdom, the United States and Japan. This study also analyzes the technical characteristics, the degree of automation and the characteristics of laborers' skill of the three production systems, moreover, constitutes the adaptive logic of technological progress to laborers' skill. Then, according to the adaptive logic under the traditional production system as well as the smart factory case--Siemens and BMW, further explores the adaptability of the technical progress to laborers' skill and analyze the impact of automation and intelligence on the production site. Through research, it has been found that, at the field level, the low-skilled workers are replaced by machines. And at the operation level , there is a complementary relationship between machines and the workers with management and technical duties. Although technology can replace skills, laborers' skill still have advantages in sensitive operations. Therefore，intelligent production system is a people-centered production system with highly flexible because it is inseparable from human control. Finally, according to the adaptability of the technical progress to the laborers' skill, the HR management strategy is proposed.
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